(In this chapter, I have found one book indispensable. I refer to it in these notes by its initials: JMSR = JUST MY SOUL RESPONDING, Brian Ward, Berkeley: Univ. of California Press, 1998.)

1 For a sophisticated example of this kind of thinking applied to 'the black aesthetic' see the excellent anthology, signifyin[g], sanctifyin' and slam dunking. Gena Dagel Caponi (ed.). Amherst: Univ. of Mass. Press, 1999.

2 Carl Belz, THE STORY OF ROCK, New York: Harper, 1971, p. 22.

3 JMSR, p. 1.

4 Ibid.

5 Ibid, p. 2.

6 Ibid.

7 For a paranoid diatribe about the ousting of Bob Horn and his replacement by Dick Clark, see Stanley J. Blitz, BANDSTAND: THE UNTOLD STORY, Phoenix: Cornucopia Productions, 1997.

8 Peter Gurabrick, FEEL LIKE GOING HOME, Boston: Little, Brown & Co., 1971, pp. 15-20.

9 Paul Goodman, GROWING UP ABSURD, New York: Random House, 1960.

10 Cf Carl Belz, op. cit., "I make no attempt to define [rock music] precisely." (p. vii) Belz goes on to say simply that "The most persistent feature of rock has been its beat." (vii) One can do worse than Richard Goldstein's 'expressive' definition of rock - "It makes you want to move" - quoted in Morris Dickstein, GATES OF EDEN, New York: Basic Books, 1977, p. 185.

11 Carl Belz, THE HISTORY OF ROCK, p. 4

12 http://www.fiftiesweb.com/tune5055.htm

13 JMSR, p. 20.

14 Ibid, p. 124.

15 Ibid, p. 20.

16 Ibid, p. 140.

17 Ibid, p. 134.

18 Ibid, p. 11.

19 Ibid, p. 199.

20 Ibid, p. 41.

21 Ibid.

22 Ibid, p. 136.

23 Ibid, p. 120.

24 Ibid, p. 11.

25 Ibid, p. 29.

26 Ibid, p. 85.

27 Ibid, p. 95.

28 Ibid, p. 53.

29 Of the appearance of girl 'doowop' groups, Ward writes that they showed the industry's desire "to deracialize and tame the sexual urgency of early rock and roll, transforming it into a new, safe, biracial pop form." See JMSR, pp. 155-158.

30 Ibid, p. 85.

31 Ibid, p. 78.

32 Ibid, p. 54.

33 Charles Wright, THE LIFE AND TIMES OF LITTLE RICHARD, New York: Harmony Books, 1984, pp. 47-57.

34 JMSR, p. 107.

35 Dickstein, op. cit.

36 Peter Guralnick, FEEL LIKE GOING HOME, Boston: Little, Brown, 1971, pp. 171-175.

37 Ibid, p. 172.

38 Peter Guralnick, LAST TRAIN TO MEMPHIS, Boston: Little, Brown, 1994, p. 134.

39 White, op. cit, p. 65.

40 Guralnick, LAST TRAIN TO MEMPHIS, p. 134.

41 Ibid, p. 146.

42 JMSR, p. 438.

43 Guralnick, LAST TRAIN TO MEMPHIS, P. 438.

44 Ibid, p. 135.

45 Ibid, p. 136.

46 Ibid.

47 Ibid, p. 146.

48 Ibid, p. 124.

49 Wright, op. cit., p. 70.

50 JMSR, p. 174

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